What Shall We Do Next?

The wood engraving What Shall We Do Next? was created in 1869 by Winslow Homer (American, 1836-1910) and published in the popular American periodical Harper's Bazar. This print exemplifies Homer’s significant early career phase as an illustrator and graphic reporter, capturing scenes of contemporary life in the United States immediately following the Civil War. Produced during the heyday of illustrated journalism, the labor-intensive technique of wood engraving allowed for crisp detail and rapid reproduction, essential for mass dissemination to a broad public audience across the nation.

Homer frequently observed and documented the evolving social dynamics of the era, particularly focusing on scenes of leisure and changing fashion. The image title suggests a moment of contemplation or decision among figures gathered in a domestic or garden setting, characteristic of the artist’s interest in narrative ambiguity. Even within the demanding technical constraints of producing black and white prints for immediate publication, Homer demonstrates his mastery of composition, utilizing dramatic contrast to define forms and convey atmosphere.

The detailed execution reflects the high standard of graphic artistry prevalent in American periodicals of the mid-nineteenth century. As an essential piece documenting post-bellum society, the work provides critical insight into American culture and the visual media consumed by the public. It is preserved today as part of the permanent prints and drawings collection at the Art Institute of Chicago. Because many of Homer’s illustrative works from this period were widely published, high-quality prints and reproductions are often found in the public domain, ensuring broad accessibility to his formative artistic output.