Philip Melanchthon

The influential engraving Philip Melanchthon was created by Albrecht Dürer German, 1471-1528, in 1526. Executed using fine line engraving in black ink upon ivory laid paper, this highly detailed print exemplifies the German master’s technical skill in intaglio methods. Dürer was known for his unique ability to translate textural richness and profound psychological depth into the demanding medium of the print. This specific impression of the engraving is housed in the distinguished collection of the Art Institute of Chicago.

Produced late in Dürer’s career, this portrait depicts Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560), the prominent theologian, scholar, and close intellectual collaborator of Martin Luther. The creation and widespread dissemination of portraits of key Reformers via prints were crucial steps in establishing their public image throughout Germany and the surrounding territories during the volatile 16th century. Dürer treated the sitting with formal reverence, showing Melanchthon in three-quarter profile wearing scholarly attire, positioned above a carefully designed Latin inscription that praises his efforts in religious and intellectual renewal.

The precision of the engraving technique captures the subject’s intense focus and intellectual gravity, reflecting the cultural weight placed upon the figure of Melanchthon. Dürer frequently used his mastery of prints to commemorate significant cultural and intellectual leaders of his time, and Philip Melanchthon stands as one of his last major engraved portraits. As the artist died just two years later, this work is recognized as a mature example of his approach to Renaissance portraiture. Due to its significance and age, this pivotal artwork, like many other Dürer prints, is frequently featured in museum databases, and high-resolution reproductions are often made available through public domain initiatives worldwide.